TENSES, ASPECTS, AND CAPITAL VERBS IN KAGUYA HIME'S FAIRY TALE「ぐ や 姫 の 物語」BY TAKAHASHI SOUKO

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the form of the use of auxiliary verb tenses, aspects, and capital in Japanese
sentence contained in the fairy tale Kaguya Hime 「かぐや姫の物語」Takahashi Souko works, also
identifying the type of verb that follows it. In collecting data, the method used is the listening method, with
the basic technique being tapping technique, and the advanced technique used is the free-of-charge
listening technique and the note-taking technique. For data analysis, the matching method and the
distribution method were used. The equivalence method used is the translational equivalence method and
the orthographic equivalence method. For the distribution method, the basic technique used is the
technique for direct elements (BUL). Based on the analysis that has been done, the use of past tenses is
much more common, and the use of the perfective is more dominant than the use of the imperfective
aspect. Perfective and imperfective aspects are also constructed with the use of past tenses. In addition,
the modality of construction with imperfective aspects is found to be more dominant in construction with
present/future tenses. The results of the analysis also show that, in Japanese there is a mutually
influencing relationship between tenses and aspects, and tenses and modals. Thus, in the tale Kaguya
Hime by Takahashi Souko tenses are more dominant and influential, this is because Japanese is a
signified language, whereas in the tale of Kaguya Hime used formal language, at the end of each
sentence there is a tense marker attached to the verb predicate. The types of verbs found in the use of
tenses, aspects, and modals are jidoushi ‘intransitive’¸ tadoushi ‘transitive’, shoudoushi ‘pontential’,
dan fukugodoushi ‘verba majemuk’.